The Winterthur Library

The Joseph Downs Collection of Manuscripts and Printed Ephemera

OVERVIEW OF THE COLLECTION

Creator: Baldwin family

Title: Papers

Dates: 1784-1904, bulk 1820-1834

Call No.: Col. 204

Acc. No.: 55x539, 58x23, 92x92

Quantity: 14 v. and 36 loose items

Location: 15 J 4

BIOGRAPHICAL STATEMENT

The Baldwins represented in this collection were civil engineers from Woburn, Massachusetts. Loammi Baldwin was born in 1745 and educated at Woburn. He supplemented his studies by attending lectures at Harvard. He and his fellow student, Benjamin Thompson (later known as Count Rumford), made instruments to illustrate the principles they had heard about in class. When the Revolutionary War began, Baldwin was employed in land surveying and civil engineering. He served as a colonel in the American army and after the war became the sheriff of Middlesex County. He also represented Woburn in the state assembly in 1788 and 1789 and from 1800 to 1804. In 1785, Baldwin received an honorary M.A. from Harvard. From 1794 to 1804, he was the engineer who oversaw the construction of the Middlesex Canal.

Baldwin was married twice. He and his first wife, Mary Fowle, had four sons and a daughter. The younger two sons, Loammi, Jr., born in 1780, and James Fowle, born in 1782, followed their father's career path and became civil engineers. Baldwin and his second wife, Margaret Fowle, had two children, Clarissa and George Rumford. Under his father's training, George became a draftsman and civil engineer.

Loammi, Jr., along with his brothers, attended Westford Academy. He continued his education at Harvard and graduated in 1800. Although he focused on mechanical subjects in school, he studied law in Groton upon graduation. In 1804, he opened a law office in Cambridge. Three years later, he closed it, having judged his profession distasteful. After deciding to become a civil engineer, he went to England to examine public works. Upon his return, Baldwin pursued construction for the rest of his life. His efforts were concentrated on works of internal improvements, including roads, canals, and docks. Among his great works were the dry docks built at the Charlestown (Massachusetts) Navy Yard and the Norfolk (Virginia) Navy Yard, both built between 1827 and 1834 from the same plans. Baldwin was also engaged in building the Bunker Hill Monument, two buildings at Harvard, and finding a way to introduce pure water to the city of Boston. At one point in his life, Baldwin was named Engineer of Improvements for the city of Boston.

Although James Fowle Baldwin started his professional life in the mercantile business, he joined his brother, Loammi, in the construction of the Charlestown dry dock. In 1828, he and his brother were appointed to a commission to make a survey for a railroad from Boston to Albany. From 1830 to 1835, James worked on the construction of the Boston and Lowell Railroad. In 1837, he was appointed as a commissioner to examine and report on the Boston water supply. He served as water commissioner for a number of years.

George Rumford Baldwin, a particularly fine draftsman, divided his time between Woburn and Quebec, Canada. He designed and built the Boston Marine railway and was consulting engineer for the Charlestown and Quebec waterworks.

SCOPE AND CONTENT

The material in this collection reflects the professional activities of the Baldwins. The elder Loammi Baldwin's work on the Middlesex Canal is recorded in a volume of the history of the canal compiled from Baldwin's papers by his son, James Fowle. It contains a list of canal acts, subscribers, and building contracts along with a discussion of the progress of building from an early land survey to letters that consider the construction of canal boats. Letters from William Weston, also an engineer on the project, were copied into the volume. Notices of payment due dates and meeting times and places document Loammi Baldwin's involvement with the Charles River Bridge.

Three of the manuscripts contain business accounts related to the construction of the Charlestown Naval Dry Docks between 1827-1834. The waste book (day book), ledger, and "accounts approved" volume all document building materials purchased, prices, and suppliers. Because Baldwin was superintendent of the entire project, other commodities that supported the project are also listed: office supplies, food and drink, hand tools, payroll, etc. Another manuscript deals with Loammi Baldwin, Jr.'s effort to upgrade Boston's water supply. Compiled by Eben A. Lester, it deals with wells in the city. Lester organized his work by street and then listed the name of the owner of the property, the number of wells on each lot, and the quality of the water. It offers information on Boston's pattern of settlement and commercial development.

In a manuscript entitled "The Duke of Bridgewater's Coal Mines at Worseley, 1807," and a series of copies of letters in "stylographic manifold writers," Baldwin recounts his experiences on a trip to England. While at Worseley, he journeyed by canal boat into mines, learned how the coal was mined, then brought to the surface, and finally transported to nearby Manchester. In letters, Loammi wrote about such topics as gas lighting, the London Bridge Water Works, and fire fighting in London, as well as leisure activities.

Two notebook sketchbooks kept by George Rumford record his travels throughout the 1820s and 1830s. The earlier volume includes a few illustrated essays (e.g. "Theory of Canal Cutting" and "Architecture"), but it is mainly a long series of identified sketches, mostly in pen, with a few in watercolor, of works and details of civil engineering as well as such objects as weathervanes, wheelbarrows, windmills, and fence posts. Several railways, a rotary pump, the original aqueduct over the Medford River, details of the Schuylkill Canal, and the Essex Bridge at Newburyport are among the places and projects depicted. The second volume is almost entirely filled with sketches in pen, pencil, ink wash, and 40 finished watercolors. The sketches include railroads, dams, canals, locks, waterworks, bridges, buildings, monuments, etc. The identified locations include Savannah, Richmond, Baltimore, Philadelphia, Washington, Boston, various places in New England, upstate and western New York, Montreal, Ottawa, and other places in Canada. These sketchbooks lend insight into the training and professional life of a civil engineer.

Other volumes in the collection include an inventory of the estate of James Fowle Baldwin, consisting of his financial resources; a record of soundings at various places in Boston harbor in 1867 and 1868 by Benjamin D. Frost, an assistant to George Rumford; a pamphlet describing the gift of the Baldwin Library of Engineering Works to the Woburn Public Library (the material was subsequently transferred to Harvard); and a volume labeled "Cross Section Book." It opens with soundings and borings taken in 1867 and includes a number of diagrams depicting water systems and water flow and distribution. There are also some letters from George T. Moffat.

ORGANIZATION

Items are in accession number order.

PROVENANCE

Most items were purchased from Charles B. Wood.

ACCESS POINTS

People:

Baldwin, Loammi, 1745-1807.

Baldin, Loammi, Jr., 1780-1838.

Baldwin, James Fowle, 1782-1862.

Baldwin, George Rumford, 1798-1888.

Lester, Eben A.

Frost, Benjamin D.

Weston, William.

Topics:

Charlestown Navy Yard (Mass.)

Business records - Massachusetts - Charlestown (Boston)

Dry docks - Massachusetts.

Technology - History.

Canals.

Bridges.

Civil engineering.

Railroad engineering.

Building materials.

Engineering drawings.

Railroads.

Waterworks.

Coal mines and mining - England.

Water-supply engineering.

Sounding and soundings - Massachusetts - Boston.

Boring.

Wells - Massachusetts - Boston.

Groundwater - Massachusetts - Boston.

Architecture - Designs and plans.

Architectural drawing.

Inventories of decedents' estates.

Watercolor painting.

Pen drawing.

Pencil drawing.

Charles River Bridge (Mass.)

Boston Harbor (Mass.)

Middlesex Canal (Mass.)

United States - Description and travel.

England - Description and travel.

Daybooks.

Ledgers.

Letters.

Account books.

Drawings.

Sketchbooks.

Sketches.

Watercolors.

Inventories.

Estate records.

Civil engineers.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE COLLECTION

Location: 15 J 4

55x538, 58x23 Charles River Bridge

Consists of nine notices, dated 1785-1786, informing Loammi Baldwin that his payments for shares of the Charles River Bridge were due, along with a notice that payments had to be made within fifteen days or interest would be charged. Baldwin was one of 89 owners of the bridge. Also included are 29 notices of the place and time of meetings of the Directors of the Corporation, dated 1787-1799.

92x92.1 George Rumford Baldwin. Notebook and sketchbook kept during the 1820s.

123 p.

The volume features a few illustrated essays (e.g. "Theory of Canal Cutting" and "Architecture"), but it is mainly a series of identified sketches, mostly in pen, with a few in watercolor, of works and details of civil engineering as well as such objects as weathervanes, wheelbarrows, windmills, and fence posts. Several railways, a rotary pump, a cotton press, the original aqueduct over the Medford River, the Boston mill dam, details of the Schuylkill Canal, the Fairmont Waterworks, a dredging machine, a machine for mixing mortar, and the Essex Bridge at Newburyport are among the places and projects depicted.

[List of contents is appended to this finding aid.]

92x92.2 George Rumford Baldwin. Notebook and sketchbook kept during the 1830s. 268 p.

This volume is almost entirely filled with sketches in pen, pencil, ink wash, and 40 finished watercolors, made by Baldwin as he traveled to study and sketch works of civil engineering. The sketches include railroads, dams, canals, locks, bridges, buildings, monuments, etc. The identified locations include Savannah, Richmond, Baltimore, Philadelphia, Washington, Boston, various places in New England, upstate and western New York, Montreal, Ottawa, and other places in Canada.

[A list of the sketches in this volume has been appended to this finding aid.]

92x92.3 “Minutes of the history of the Middlesex Canal, 1793-1797, collected from the papers of the late Col. Loammi Baldwin… by James F. Baldwin in Jan. 1830.” 100 p.

Includes a list of canal acts, subscribers, and building contracts, dated 1799-1803. The minutes discuss the progress of building from the early land survey to letters that consider the construction of canal boats. A few illustrations appear, including six in color that show what are called Weston wheelbarrows. Letters from William Weston, also an engineer on the project, were copied into the volume. A letter from Loammi, Jr., to James Baldwin discussing work on the dry dock at Norfolk is laid in. Also included are two letters from J. B. Straw to Catherine R. Griffiths, the daughter of George Rumford Baldwin. Straw was inquiring about the availability of Baldwin’s plans for the canal.

92x92.4 “The Duke of Bridgewater’s Coal Mines at Worseley, 1807,” by Loammi Baldwin, Jr. 8. p. and 10 watercolors

Discusses Baldwin’s visit to the site. Baldwin recounts his journey by canal boat into the mines and describes how coal was mined, then brought to the surface, and finally transported to nearby Manchester. Watercolor and wash drawings illustrate boats, a wagon, and some carriers. Also included are drawings of two heads of males, one in watercolor and the other in pencil.

92x92.5 Accounts approved and sent to the Navy agent, 1827-1833. 33 p.

Records payrolls approved to the purser and accounts approved for the building of masonry dry docks at the Charlestown Navy Yard. Loammi received payment for his expenses and services. The accounts focus on building materials, their prices, and suppliers.

92x92.6 Inventory of the estate of James F. Baldwin as received from the Exr. of Sarah P. Baldwin. 1870. 6 p.

Consists of a list of Baldwin’s financial resources. He held stock and notes in utility and railroad companies. The market value of his investments is included.

92x97.7 Soundings in the Boston Harbor across Fort Point Channel, 1867 and 1868, by Benj. D. Frost. 100 p.

Frost was an assistant to George Rumford Baldwin. Soundings were taken to determine the depth of the water and were valuable to engineers contemplating harbor improvements.

92x92.8 A statistical account of the wells in the city of Boston taken by Eben A. Lester, July 1834, for Col. Loammi Baldwin. 80pp.

The work is organized by street, followed by the name of the owner of the property, the number of wells on each lot, and the quality of the water (soft, hard, drinkable or not, suitable for washing and other conditions). Miscellaneous remarks were also included.

92x92.9 Waste book. 1827-1834. 222 p.

Account book detailing the expenses of the building of the Charlestown Naval dry docks of which Loammi Baldwin was engineer. (He was paid $4000 per annum plus expenses.) The volume contains details of supplies and construction on a daily basis.

92x92.10 Ledger book. 1827-1834. 158 p.

Companion volume to the waste book, dealing with the Charlestown dry dock. It breaks down transactions by the name of the firm or individual that had been contracted. Both volumes chronicle the purchase of building materials, including white oak timber, pine plank, bricks, slate, and cast iron. Other commodities that supported the project are also listed: office supplies, food and drink, hand tools, etc.

92x92.11 Letters, Loammi Baldwin, Jr.

A red morocco folder with the spine title “Letters” containing blank books that were called “stylographic manifold writers,” seemingly an early form of carbon paper. Two of the blank books are filled with copies of letters written from Loammi to family and friends while he was in England. He often wrote of subjects that held his professional interest, such as gas lighting, the London Bridge Water Works, and fire fighting in London, as well as his leisure activities: a visit to Westminster Abbey, a report on debates in Parliament, and a dinner he attended as the guest of the Humane Society.

92x92.12 Pamphlet from the Woburn Public Library. 1899.

Describes the gift of the Baldwin Library of Engineering Works. The collection was started by Loammi Baldwin and continued by his sons. (The books were subsequently transferred to Harvard.)

92x92.13 Cross section book.

The volume opens with sounding and borings taken in 1867. It also includes a number of diagrams depicting water systems and water flow and distribution from 1904. A note indicates that some of the soundings were copied from Frost’s field notes (presumably those in .7, above), but no other connection to the other papers in this collection is evident.

92x92.14 Letters, 1875

Consists of stylographic writers, one of which contains letters from George to Emma describing his travels. A letter to H. B. Williams regarding problems with an easement reveals this George to be George T. Moffat. Also included is a lithograph of the Connecticut River Railroad Bridge at Williamsett. George Duggan was the architect and William Endicott & Co. was the lithographer.

Contents of acc. 92x92.1, George Rumford Baldwin notebook and sketchbook, 1820s

1-7 - “Theory of Canal Cutting,” with diagrams

8-14 - “On Skewed Bridges,” with diagrams and drawings

15-16 – “To describe an ellipse,” with diagram

17 – “A short method for extracting the cube root,” with drawing showing dimension of a human(?) for pile engine and drawing of the walk in front of the Capitol, Washington, 1829

18-24 – drawings and notes about Thomas’ Marine Railway at New York, 1826

25 – “Plan of the Castings for the Portland Marine Rail-way” (drawings)

26-27 – “Plan for the chain for the new railway at Salem, made by Mr. Bates of Danvers, May 30, 1826,” and drawings for Salem railway

28 – simple arithmetical rules; advantages of wearing silk, flannel [etc.]; to measure the breadth of a river (with drawing); isometrical [sic] drawing (by Prof. Farish); Roman polish, with drawing of an economical oil bottle

29 – to calculate the power of overshot water wheels; method of preparing charcoal and chalks for drawing; increase of power necessary to increase velocity of steamboats

30 – to prepare paper to resist moisture; improvements in cloth painting or dyeing; plaster walls in India; late(?) for bottle stoppers; Bracomb’s indelible ink or dye; to paint with watercolors on parchment

31-38 – “Data,” with some sketches and tables

39 – Boston Marine Railway (drawings)

40 – Diving bell used in building the Marine Railway, Boston (drawing and notes)

41 – saw for sawing [illegible] (pencil drawing); bark mill at Charlestown (ink drawing)

42 – unlabeled drawings, perhaps more of bark mill

43 – “Dimensions of Peter C. Brooks stone bridge over Middlesex Canal in Medford”

44 – series of drawings: Quincy Railway, cotton press at New Orleans, draw bridge over Bauou St. John in New Orleans, Richmond lighter, 1829

45 – series of drawings: two unlabeled; sketch of railway cart used in excavating on Baltimore & Ohio Railway; drain under B&O Railway; pump on the Mississippi at New Orleans; coal barrow at Richmond, 1829

46 – aqueduct over Medford River, taken down in fall 1829

47 – unlabeled diagrams

48 – blank

49 – “Tunnels in England”

50 – Boston Mill-dam (drawing)

51 – unlabeled drawings, perhaps more of mill-dam

52-53 – unlabeled drawings showing bottom levers

54 – sketch of a gate & valve of the lower locks on the Schuylkill Canal (drawings)

55 – Fairmount Water Works, 1826 (drawings)

56 – dredging machine used at Baltimore (drawings)

57 – dredging machine used on the canal at Washington (drawings)

58 - dredging machine used at Washington Navy Yard (drawings)

59 – section of bank wall in front of President’s House, Washington; machine for mixing mortar at Fortress Monroe, Old Point Comfort, Va.; crane for landing stones at Fortress Monroe (drawings)

60 – window blind fastenings; weather vanes at Washington (drawings)

61 – monument at Lexington, Mass., 1827; windmill at Norfolk, 1826 (drawings and notes)

62 – drawings: fence around the offices at Washington; Dismal Swamp Canal; folding pocket square; board fence around the estate belonging to [illegible] Porter(?) in Washington, now occupied by ex-President Adams, 1829; with note about an Archimedes screw at Gosport Navy Yard

63 – drawings: pile engine at Newburyport, 1827; Essex Bridge at Newburyport; details of abutment, chain link, and shackle

64 – notes about woolen factory at Amesbury; drawings of Haverhill Bridge, 1827

65 – drawings of machine used on Chesapeake & Delaware Canal for excavating at the deep cut, 1826; lock on C&D Canal

66 – sketch of part of a bridge at Baltimore, 1826; drawings of bridge at [blank] over Millers(?) River, Mass.

67 – drawings: bridge over Schuylkill Canal at Pottsgrove, Penn.; aqueduct on Northern Canal, N.Y.; section [of aqueduct?]; gates at Fort Edward

68 – drawings: waste-way on Northern Canal, N.Y.; bridge at Northumberland & Harrisburg, Penn.; two other drawings

69 – drawings: bridge at Harford; bridge across the Connecticut [River] at Lyme, N.H., 1827, with details

70 – drawings: furnace for heating the factories at Lowell; gate fastenings; stone post; detail

71 – drawings: wheelbarrow at Lowell; weathervanes at Ballston, N.Y., court house at Sunbury, Penn., and on armory at Harrisburg, Penn.

72 – drawings: new bridge to be built over Mill River at Northampton, Mass., 1827; coving of the gable end at Col. Hoyt’s house in Deerfield, 1827; bridge over Mill River at Shepherd’s factory, Northampton

73 - machine for making rails at [blank] (drawings and notes)

74 – locks at Bellow’s Falls, 1827 (drawings)

75 – drawings: lock gates at Bellows Falls; details of South Hadley Canal and Blackstone Canal; weathervane at Jeffrey, N.H.

76 – drawings: cast iron railway, imported May 1827; details, probably of railway

77 – wrought iron rails with cast iron chairs imported into Boston, 1827 (drawings)

78 – “Improved Chimney Flue,” 1825, notes with drawing

79-80 – “Eave’s Rotary Pump,” notes with drawing

81 - “Architecture” – notes with drawings of Tuscan profile for a column

82-86 – “Keith’s Improved Parallel Scale,” notes with table

87 – light pencil sketches of molding designs, 1824

88-95 – blank

96 – a note dated 1840

97 – plan of a timber wharf at Bartons Point, 1833, pencil drawing

98 – sketches of rail pattern at Boston & Lowell Co.’s offices, 1831

99 – new railway at Salem (drawings)

100 – Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, 1830, for report (drawings and tables)

101 – drawings of parts of railway cars(?) and machinery

102 – Portland Railway, including stone truck and a winch(?) (drawings)

103 – drawings: boat on Cumberland Canal; railway carriage at Patent Office, 1819; auger for sinking post holes in Portland, 1830; cart(?) hook at Patent Office

104 – drawings: patent stone hammer, 1830; French causeway; sled of Worcester County, 1830; Yankee scythe, 1830; two unlabeled

105 – pencil sketches: gear(?) lock, Woburn, 1830; section of a canal(?); part of a canal lock

106 – designs for a piggery [for making pig iron], 1830 (drawings)

107 – coal grate at Barnums Hotel, Baltimore, 1829, and a rope halter (drawings)

108 – leveling instruments supposed to have been used by L. Baldwin on the first survey of the Middlesex Canal, drawings done May 11, 1830

109 – drawings: fence opposite Baldwin Mansion House in Woburn, set circa 1805; C. Johnson’s canal boat, Woburn, 1830; ash hopper for leaching lye

110-111 – Price of materials in Boston, 1826, includes ballast, sawing by hand, slate stone, oak knees, etc.

112 – pencil sketch of clothes horse, a pulley system, and a cast iron cup(?) square

113-115 – blank

116 – pencil sketch of a wall built by LM at Charlestown Navy Yard, 1843

117 – blank

118 – diagram

119 – blank

120 – pencil sketches relating to rotary machine

Laid into volume between pages 120-121 – “Map Matrimony,” showing Kingdom of Courtship and Kingdom of Suspense

121 – practice drawings of topographic features (trees, hills, streams), and a drawings of two leaves bearing the inscription Geo. R. Baldwin, Boston

122-123 – letters, compasses, finial designs, astronomical designs, and other assorted drawings

List of sketches in acc. 92x92.2, George Rumford Baldwin notebook and sketchbook, 1830s

(only pages with drawings or writing are numbered; blank pages are not)

Laid inside front cover: view of the Roman brick or tile from top of a pillar in the remains of a Roman hot bath at Chester [England]

1 – steam chamber

2 – gears

3 – gears with a watch or clock face

4 – Great Western Railway tracks [England]

5 – patent railroad truck by [blank], July 1840

6 - sea paddle(?) gate set in masonry, Charlestown Navy Yard, June 1840

7 – first great(?) stone for Granary Grave Yard, Boston

8 – diagram with buttresses and vignoles (page folded – do not fold flat as paper is tearing along fold line)

9 – works and sheet iron patterns being used in Augusta, Maine (watercolor)

10 – plan of gates for Augusta Dam (watercolor)

11 – coffer dam (Augusta?) (watercolor) (page folded – do not fold flat as paper is tearing along fold line)

12 – lock at Augusta Dam (watercolor and pencil)

13 – pencil sketches of parts of Shubenacadie and Brunswick Canals

14 – French lock walls; Lachine Canal lock (part color wash)

15 – part of a lock (ink drawing)

16 – Bangor Bridge over the Penobscot River, 1836 (ink drawing)

17 – lower part of trusses (ink)

18 – middle truss (ink)

19 – track plan for Cumberland Railroad, Philadelphia

20-21 (two page spread) – track plan, Germantown Railroad, Philadelphia

22 – Baltimore long car – diagram and text

23 – railway ice scraper, Baltimore, Dec. 1837 (ink)

24-25 – turn table on Savannah Railroad (part watercolor)

26 – draw of Potomac Bridge, Feb. 1838

27 - Crane at Washington

28 – covered truss bridge section, Burlington, Vermont

29 – bridge at Burlington

30 – Say(?) House at Washington, taken by camera (pencil sketch)

31 - Three sketches of flowers (watercolor)

32 - Plan and elevation of a stable, 1837

33 - Sketch of street in Washington, D.C. (viewpoint from a roof top)

34 - Elevation of a marble monument with the name Stettinius engraved on it, Washington, D.C., Jan. 1838

35 - sketch of workbench and clock works, “GRB design for a uniform [illegible], Oct. 30, 1837”

36 – “sketch from recollection of railroad bridge over James River valley at Richmond, Virginia, 1838”

37 - Batavia or Tonewanto Railroad earth cars sketch (page folds out – open with care)

38 – Rochester(? or Rock[illegible]) Railroad – turntable, cast iron axle, etc. (pencil and wash) (page folds out – open with care)

39 - Altamaha Cotton Boat, Largest Size [Georgia] (colored pencil)

40 – shed for cotton and diagram of shed roof

41 – underside of a railroad car(?)

42 - Railroad at Savannah, June 1837

43 - Monument at Savannah, 1836, with name Henry Kollock, D.D.

44-45 - Amoskeag, with diagram of canal, Mr. Read, agent, July 24, 1837 [New Hamsphire]

46 - Machine for cornering blocks; notion of the machine for boring, Burlington, Vt., 1837 (watercolor)

47 – unknown machine (watercolor); tool for turning lignum vitae pins (wash)

48 – block machinery, Burlington, Vt.; machine for cutting off plank

49 - planing machine, Burlington, Vt.

50 – rafter drawing; switches; wharf with inclined planes and steps

51 – part of a boat(?) from Montreal to Lachine; side of a steam boat

52 - Pile driving – diagram and text (page folds out)

53 - Railroad and canal depot, Schenectady, 1837

54 – Schenectady Railroad

55 – railroad turntable(?)

56 - Machine for weighing boats on Erie Canal

57 - Draw Bridge, Albany; Buffalo Canal; Lockport old bridge

58 - Railroad bridge at Little Falls, NY (page folds out; drawings are upside down from rest of sketches in book)

59 – drying machine at Albany

60-61 - Bridge over Erie Canal at Little Falls (2 finished watercolors)

62 – diagram of wheels on railway car

63 - Bridge on Utica & Albany Railroad at Little Falls (pen and wash)

64 - Earth Wagon, Utica Railroad, sketch from memory, Sept. 1837 (watercolor) - plan and elevation

65 – switch level, Utica Railroad, sketch from memory

66 – sketch of unlabeled item

67 - Canal bridge at Tonawanda Creek, has track on it

68 - Swing bridge over Des(?) Jardin Creek and canal across bar going from Hamilton to London(?), Ontario

69 – sketch of several unlabeled objects

70 - Tonowanda & other bridges on Lockport & Buffalo Railroad, July 3d,

71 – Batavia and Rochester cars painted in [illegible] of English oak

72 – railroad bridges at Lockport – see another drawing

73 - Rochester and Genessee L[illegible] Railroad – various details

74 - Rochester Railroad and Canal Bridge

75 - Syracuse Aqueduct draining machine (wash)

76 - Sketch of Pile Engine at Syracuse Aqueduct

77 – diagonal bridge at Lockport over canal

78 - Lockport and Niagara Railroad bridge at Lockport over ravine and canal

79 – left bridge over Erie Canal at Buffalo

80 - Truss form for a bridge on towing path, Erie Canal at Buffalo

81 - Lockport flour mills

82 - Plan of Biddle(?) Staircase, American side, Niagara; plan of grooves in abutment lock at Rochester; lower paddle gate

83 - Willand Canal

84 - Willand Canal (plan and elevation of a lock) – “much of this sketch is made by imagination”

85 - Willand Canal - details of hardware (watercolor)

86 - Willand Canal: foundation pier of draw bridge (watercolor)

87 - Willand Canal (elevation and plan of bridge) (watercolor)

88-94 - Willand Canal - assorted pencil sketches

95 – Allensburg: Willand Canal

96 - Willand Canal waste way near St. Catherine’s (pen and wash)

97 - Albany Basin draw bridge

98 – Brock’s monument at Queenstown, UC [Upper Canada]: section drawing

99 - Inscription on Brock’s Monument (monument dedicated to Major General Sir Isaac Brock)

100 - Plan of Brock’s Monument at base

101 - Say Chippewa Railroad

102 – text (upside down from rest of book)

103 - Plan - "Section of the English shaft" (watercolor)

104 – page of details relating to a railway that cost £3000 or $12,000 (watercolor)

105 - Rideau Canal, lock at mills descending towards Bytown

106-108 - Kingston Bridge Aug 21, 1837

109 - Rideau Canal, Edmunds Rapids

110 - Kingston Fortifications

111 - Kingston, U.C., drawn from memory, Aug 21, 1837

112 - Pivot for Parapet Cannon

113 - "Sketches" [details of fort at Kingston]

114 - Rideau Canal - Bytown lower gates. Aug 17, 1837 (fold-out page) (watercolor)

115 - Rideau Canal - 4 locks, 6 mills from Kingston (watercolor)

116 - Rideau Canal – Bytown – machine for hoisting paddle gates (fold-out page)

117 – Rideau Canal – sketch at middle gates, Aug. 15, first view (fold-out page)

118 - Rideau Canal - wash weir and sluice at locks no. 9 and 10, Hurtwills(?) Station ( page folds out (watercolor)

119 - Rideau Canal - pen & pencil sketches of various items (page folds out)

120-121 – various sketches of Rideau Canal (pages fold out)

122 - Rideau Canal - sketch of chain pulley (watercolor)

123 - Rideau Canal – a gate (watercolor)

124-127 - Rideau Canal - various sketches

128 - Rideau Canal - details of chain pulleys and large screw (watercolor)

129 - Rideau Canal - E. Bytown wooden lock (watercolor)

130 – Rideau Canal: small scow crane

131 - Rideau Canal – No. 1, gear and shaft detail (watercolor)

132 - Rideau Canal – No. 2, winch(?) (watercolor)

133 - Rideau Canal - Steam boat fender (watercolor) and “sketch of a king port [illegible] at the 4 Locks(?) Bridge, 6 miles from Kingston, U.C.”

134 – study of a monument(?) with a place for a fire

135 – [lock? at] Hull Falls on the Ottawa

136 - Ottawa Falls Bridge, no. 3

137 - Ottawa Falls Bridge - no. 2

138 - Ottawa Falls Bridge – no. 1

139 – post(?) span of Hull Falls Bridge, Ottawa River, Aug. 15, 1837

140 - Portable berth used on rafts in Canada

141 - Carillon Lock gates from recollection

142 - Carillon Canal, Gate start, drawn from recollection (watercolor)

143 - Carillon Canal, Ottawa River, machinery detail (watercolor)

144 - Carillon Lock of Ham. stone, built by government (watercolor)

145-148 - Lachine Canal – details of locks at or near Montreal, July 31, 1837 (pencil drawings)

149 – upper or guard lock at St. Johns, Canada, with remarks

150 - Chambly Canal (hoist) (watercolor)

151 - Chambly Canal, no. 4 (iron bridge bracket) (watercolor)

152 - Chambly Canal (pen)

153 - Chambly Lock – floating swing bridge and detail (watercolor)

154 - Chambly Canal swing bridge and St. Johns railroad (watercolor)

155 - Chambly Canal, No. 1 - chain bridge (watercolor)

156 - small detail drawing

157 - Chambly Canal, No. 2 – detail [of bridge?] (watercolor)

158 – Chambly Canal- various details of a bridge

159 – bridge at St. Johns, U. Canada, 1837

160-161 - Lachine Canal – various details

162 - Balance beam of John Bull Steamboat Quebec, drawn from recollections (watercolor)

163-164 – details of John Bull steamboat (partial page only)

165 - Steamboat John Bull, Quebec, davits (watercolor)

166 – detail of machinery

167 – Obelisk, Quebec, with name Malcolm written backwards, and name Wolf, references to Generals James Wolfe and Louis-Joseph Montcalm

168 – details of a cannon

169 – cannon at Quebec Battery

170 – a cannon

171 – details of a casemate, armory, and cannon

172 – oak leaves and an acorn, Kentville, N.S.